To this day, the prevalence rates of diseases caused by diseases and parasites, remains high. Among preschool-age children, and most often the infection pinworms. If a family has a child, in most cases infected and the adults. Still a very common worms which are found in the temperate countries not always pass with a symptomatology is ascariasis. For adults, the centres of interest are related to hunting and fishing, is also characterized by difillobotrioz, and trichinosis.
Unlike the children, the adults, a strong immunity and are trained in the body, resulting from the onset of symptoms of infection by earthworms need a higher parasitic load. Most de-wormer is not able to complete the development cycle in the body, and their number increases only when you have ingested the eggs. Therefore, people who have the interior of a verse, often in such quantities that the symptoms of to earth the man never come forward for many years. The most common types for tapeworms live from a few weeks to two years. Others, for example, pig, wave, and other taenia, can parasitize humans for tens of years. There are also dangerous, and worms, which are not long-term, but are able to multiply indefinitely in the body of the host (dwarfish tsepen, Ancylostoma etc).
Helminth infections caused by different types of pathogens can take place under the guise of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the cardiovascular system, as well as the pathologies of the respiratory system.
General symptoms and signs of helminths in humans
In most cases, the symptoms of helminths in the person long time does not appear at all, although the damage they inflict. But it all depends on the most contagious of the load and types of parasites.
The most likely of the symptoms of the presence of intestinal worms in humans is a general malaise, fatigue, weakness, itching in the region of the anus.
The main signs of earthworms, which, in particular, can often become noticeable to humans (especially children), are a net loss of body mass, anaemia, weakness, paleness of skin, disorders of digestion (such as constipation and diarrhea, vomiting, the presence in the stool of signs, for example, the segments of the tapeworm or the adult round.
In addition to the common symptoms and signs of worms in humans, by their presence, has a number of specific manifestations, which are unique to each system of the body.
The gastro-intestinal tract
If the main place of the location of pest infestations is the intestinal lumen, the main signs of this disease are malfunctions of the digestive system. The main signs of helminths among adults in the defeat of the digestive system can be divided into:
- alternating constipation and diarrhea;
- nausea and vomiting;
- the pain in the belly, which has no precise location;
- excessive bloating.
The degree of severity of data of symptoms is individual to each person, as well as a clinical case.
An excessive amount of adult worms in the intestine may cause partial or total overlap, causing disorders persistent of the chair.
The central nervous system
The result of the vital activity of most helminths is of toxic substances, which cause a phenomenon of intoxication of the organism. A permanent exhibition to toxic substances in the body leads to the formation of pollutants disorders of the central nervous system. The main signs nervous helminths in adults are the following:
- headaches of various degrees of intensity
- dizziness
- the feeling of nausea, vomiting, sometimes
- the increase of the temperature of the body until the fever
- the pain in the large and small joints.
A vitamin deficiency, which is a constant companion of helminths, combined with the toxic effects on the nervous system leads to the formation of a syndrome of chronic fatigue, loss of concentration, as well as the increase of the drowsiness or insomnia.
The skin
To date, absolutely proven that the earth worms and allergies in adults combined causal link. In a person suffering from helminth infections, deteriorates the condition of the skin. The products of the livelihood of most dewormers are perceived by the human body as a foreign agents, which involves the training of an allergic reaction.
Accordingly, the excessive production of the main body of the mediator of allergies — histamine, there is the appearance to the surface of the skin-specific rashes, swelling. In addition to this, the man just started the constant feeling of itching may appear as cough, nasal congestion.
The immune system
In addition to the reduction of all functions of the body, it is produced a strong inhibition of the immune defense of the man. A decrease of the body's defenses can lead to an exacerbation already of chronic diseases, whether existing or to serve the cause of the formation of the inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity, the mouth, the organs of the female reproductive system.
It is to be noted that one of the possible reasons of the occurrence of the night, snoring may be of parasitic infestations in the body.
The most common symptoms of helminths
The characteristics of clinical manifestations, as well as their degree of intensity depend directly on the type of the pathogen. On the example of ascariasis, one can observe the first symptoms of worms in adults later than 2 days after the infection, during the migration of larvae from the bloodstream. Some parasites have an incubation period of 18 months.
Ascariasis
The main symptoms of ascariasis in adults are directly dependent on the phase of the life cycle of helminths. The migration of larvae to pathogens ascariasis occurs in a way to get into the bloodstream and to the continuing burst with a stream of blood in the body. If the larvae penetrate into the lung tissue, the symptoms of the disease, you can call the emergence of low-grade temperature, dry cough, weakness, general malaise. In severe cases, may be the development of purulent bronchitis and pneumonia. When the blood flow larvae of ascaris fall in the gastro-intestinal tract, occurs a violation of its functions. In a person suffering from parasites, a net loss of body mass.
Enterobiasis
The most characteristic and pronounced symptom of this disease is the appearance of a strong itching in the region of the anus, which visibly in the night. Another important diagnostic sign of infection is the duration and the frequency of occurrence of the itching. In this case, the itch lasts no more than 2 consecutive days, after which you disappears and reappears later 2 to 3 weeks.
Intestinal schistosomiasis, hookworm morbo, richocephalosis, difillobotrioz
The combination of data from varieties of helminths due to the fact that each of them gives the similar clinical picture. The result of current moderate (the relatively small number of parasites) of these diseases is the disruption of the balance normal and pathogenic microbial flora in the intestine, therefore, the main symptoms in adults are expressed in the form of dysbiosis, abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea (including blood). During the tonic symptoms a lot more serious.
Other manifestations of this group of helminthes may be deficiency diseases, 12 rare and ironrares of the anemia, the deficiency of vitamin A.
Schistosomiasis (urinary)
The development of this type of schistosomiasis is manifested as disorders of urination, as well as the characteristics of the impurities from the blood in the urine.
Trichinosis
Indicated variant helminths often manifests itself in the form of the following symptoms:
- the increase of the temperature of the body up to a feverish state;
- the appearance of oedema of the face, and particularly of the eyelids;
- spontaneous pain in the muscles.
Anguillulose
The causative agent is usually pain bowel. This variety of parasitic infestations, is characterized by the defeat of the gastrointestinal tract. The main symptoms of this disease are the following:
- the defeat of the gallbladder and biliary tract;
- the dyspeptic disorders (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, diarrhea, flatulence);
- allergic reactions of various degrees of severity.
In clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, opisthorchiasis
Presented by the group on helminth affecting primarily the parenchyma of the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts. The most likely symptoms when opistorhoze in adults are the following:
- the increase in the size of the liver and spleen (hepatosplenomegaly);
- the increase in the concentration of bilirubin in the blood (icteric syndrome);
- the development of chronic pancreatitis and in holecistoholangit;
- violations on the part of the central nervous system.
This article describes the symptoms and signs of a part of the most common types of earthworms, which is infected by a man. Some, in particular the zoonotic diseases are helminth infections, may have different clinical picture, including the increase of the parts of the body, balls under the skin or into the eyes, partial and total loss of sight without return. To confirm or refute the infection is only possible as a means of passage of the special laboratory, which means the attending physician individually.